Employee Spotlight: Abs

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It has been a year since Abs joined Dyalog Ltd, and we asked him to look back over his first twelve months and his experiences so far.

“A whole year? The time has flown by! It has been an intense journey with a steep yet rewarding learning curve so far, but I can’t wait to see where it takes me.”

Abs joined Dyalog Ltd when the IT workload was at a peak due to the company’s growth. “Andy and Jason have been phenomenal in giving me the support and guidance I needed to make me feel like a part of the team. I have mainly been helping them to deal with day-to-day IT needs, such as setting up machines for new colleagues, dealing with queries and fulfilling colleagues requests, and configuring and general housekeeping of our servers and systems. This keeps me busy for a typical working day, but I have also been helping to implement some long-term plans involving Microsoft 365 that will shape the way we work, and, as Andy puts it, ‘pretty much anything else that needs to be done that no one else is able to do’! I like this description as I like to help wherever I can, even if it’s not in my area of expertise; learning about the subject and providing a solution feels super rewarding and motivating.”

Abs’ first few months were intense, as he found that there was a huge amount of information to absorb, but by committing himself and trying to become familiar with everything that IT uses to keep Dyalog Ltd going technically, Abs has become more confident in tackling issues that come his way. “I have also been making an effort to learn APL through weekly sessions with Adám. I often find myself naturally coming across APL when I work, so it’s important that I can understand the fundamentals. These sessions have been incredibly helpful in grasping the key concepts that make APL different and stand out from other languages, and it’s fun taking a deep dive into the product that we are all so passionate about.”.

When not working, Abs likes to play the guitar, travel, and enjoy the company and conversation of his friends. He stays active by playing badminton, and tries to visit the gym a few times a week.

“Overall, I have really enjoyed my first year with Dyalog Ltd. I really respect and admire my colleagues, and it fills me with pride to help fix their problems and make their lives easier (I hope!). You can tell everyone cares about the work we do and, more importantly, each other. You are treated as a person first and employee second, and that motivates me to do the best job I can.”

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Employee Spotlight: Aarush

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It’s been a year since Aarush joined us, and we asked him to look back over his first twelve months.

Aarush joined Dyalog Ltd after studying at VIT Vellore in India, where he received a bachelor’s degree in Computer Science and Engineering. Forgoing his college placements in pursuit of working on the nitty-gritty of programming languages, Aarush found APL. The idea that if you can do mathematics with symbols, you can program with symbols as well, was something that Aarush found “legen-wait-for-it-dary”.

Most days, Aarush is involved with testing Dyalog, focusing on testing the primitives of the language with the test suite he created – ullu. The main objectives of ullu are to test the functionality of Dyalog’s primitives and enhance code coverage to ensure that users get the best quality code possible. Currently, ullu covers 10 primitives, and he’s working on extending this to cover more (all the rest of them!). A huge achievement in Aarush’s first year has been increasing code coverage, bringing many of the 10 primitives that he’s worked on so far to almost 100% coverage. He’s very excited to work on the interpreter, and is looking forward to running some experiments to investigate the merits of a proposal that might speed up Dyalog’s memory management system.

Apart from work, Aarush likes to travel. “Flights are cool but I still think the best way to explore a place is by walk or a road trip”. If it is accessible by foot, he’s likely to suggest walking there, often underestimating the amount of time and effort it might take (much to the chagrin of his friends). When not travelling, he enjoys watching F1, making and tasting new types of coffee, and playing his guitar.

As for Dyalog Ltd’s famous duck collection, Aarush’s favorite duck in the office is not one of the ones in the ducks-only bookcase, but rather one that’s in the kitchen – it’s the scrubbing brush! He thinks this is not only adorable but also very functional as a dish scrubber.

“Dyalog is the perfect fit for me as a workplace” he says. “I always imagined myself working at a company that is passionate about what they’re making and part of a team that is very close-knit, like a family. I can’t wait to build more and learn more with all the folks at Dyalog”.

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Case Conversion: Mapping and Folding

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Dyalog v18.0 introduced ⎕C, which converts the case of characters in an array by mapping to lower case, mapping to upper case, or folding. This superseded an earlier experimental I-beam (819⌶) that could map to lower or upper case but not fold – this I-beam is currently deprecated and will be removed in Dyalog v20.0.

There’s often confusion about the difference between mapping and folding. Mapping is used when you want characters in an array to be in a particular case, whereas folding is used when you want to eliminate case to perform case-insensitive comparisons. The confusion arises because case insensitive comparisons can usually be done well by mapping to lower case rather than folding – indeed, on first inspection, mapping to lower case and folding appear to be the same thing.

The difference is best illustrated through some examples. Used monadically, the I-beam maps to lower case and ⎕C folds:

      819⌶'Hello'
hello
      ⎕C'Hello'
hello

A case-insensitive match function that uses 819⌶ to map both arguments to lower case before checking if they match might look like this:

      cc←≡⍥(819⌶)

In many cases it will appear to work without issues:

      'hello' cc 'HELLO'
1
      'hello' cc 'GOODBYE'
0

However, it doesn’t always work. Greek, for example, has two different lower-case sigma characters (σ and ς) but only one upper case (Σ). ίσως and ΊΣΩΣ are case-insensitively equal, but the function does not work:

      'ίσως' cc 'ΊΣΩΣ'
0

This is because when these two arrays are mapped to lower case they become ίσως and ίσωσ respectively, which do not match. If we use folding instead:

      cc←≡⍥⎕C

the comparisons work as expected:

      'hello' cc 'HELLO'
1
      'hello' cc 'GOODBYE'
0
      'ίσως' cc 'ΊΣΩΣ'
1

This works because folding converts the Greek words to ίσωσ and ίσωσ respectively – every different sigma character, even the lower-case ones, have been changed to σ, and now the two arrays match.

The main use of case conversion is to perform caseless comparisons, so you might wonder why mapping to upper and lower case is supported at all. There are still occasions where you might need that – most notably, when formatting text for display.

If you are still using 819⌶ to perform caseless comparison you should change to using ⎕C to get correct behaviour. And do not forget that 819⌶ will not be supported beyond Dyalog v19.0.

Want to learn more? Adám Brudzewsky explains mapping and folding in this webinar, beginning at 00:06:33.

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Welcome Karl Holt

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Karl had always imagined that he would spend his career in academia, as had many who know him. However, after becoming disenchanted with the whole university environment halfway through his Master’s degree, he sought a role outside academia and joined Dyalog Ltd. Although he’s only been here for a few months, he feels that he has already settled in well.

Karl was one of the few computer science students who actually enjoyed the courses on project management; he was also part of an even smaller minority who enjoyed writing mathematical proofs! He not only brings his mathematics and coding abilities with him, but also a fresh energy to the team.

Karl is a perfectionist, and often spends countless hours contemplating the right way to pick up a cup and otherwise trivial daily activities. This fits perfectly with how he has been mentored by our CTO, Morten, as every time he has shown Morten what he found to be a specifically beautiful APL expression, Morten has shown him five different ways to do the same thing, each of which is even prettier and has its own strength!

Even though the majority of Karl’s education has been in the natural sciences, he also enjoys many facets of the “softer” ones. He has a broad range of interests, and always enjoys hearing about what other people are working on – everything from quantum physics to anthropological studies contemplating the queerness of algae. His favorite read in 2023 was “Invisible Women“, a book disclosing the big data gaps within political minorities, especially women’s experiences in a world designed for men.

Karl is just as happy being an interested listener to a conversation as he is being the main speaker. He keeps a long list of projects he would love to work on if he someday had the time; for now, he spends his spare time playing board games, solving fun puzzles, staring at bodies of water, and hanging out with his friends and many siblings.

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Employee Spotlight: Stefan

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About to ski down to the fjord in Norway’s Sunnmøre Alps

It’s now one year since Stefan joined Dyalog Ltd, and we asked him what he made of the experience so far. “I can’t believe how time flies. It feels like it was only yesterday I arrived at the Bramley office for the first time, to pick up my laptop and meet everyone.”

Prior to joining us, Stefan worked for IBM, where he discovered APL more or less by accident. “Coming from a huge, anonymous mega-corp, it’s a welcome change being able to actually get to know the whole company,” Stefan continues. “Here, of course people have their particular core areas, but everyone gets stuck in with a little bit of everything.”

Stefan takes a particular interest in the Mac platform, as he is a life-long, unapologetic Apple user. Everywhere else he’s worked (especially at IBM, inventor of the PC), developers demand Apple hardware, so he was surprised to find that at Dyalog Ltd, that’s more unusual.

Epic powder day in Italy’s Courmayeur

Outside work, Stefan likes the adventurous side of the great outdoors. He spent many years rock climbing home and abroad, until chronic elbow tendinitis forced a stop to that. Back country skiing is another hobby, and he tends to take all his vacation days in winter. “Living aboard a boat in Svalbard, skiing with a rifle to ward against polar bears was a bucket list experience”, he says. “Sampling the famous japow and live volcanos on Hokkaido, and ticking couloirs in Canada’s Purcells range is up there, too.” Stefan rides bikes to keep fit, and his garage has accumulated far too many bikes over the years.

“Dyalog is my dream gig,” he says. “I always wanted to work for a company where the people really care for the product they make.”

Top of the Grandpa Peabody boulder in The Buttermilks, Bishop, California

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Employee Spotlight: Jada

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This week marks one year since Jada joined Dyalog Ltd, and we asked her about her experiences thus far.

“It’s truly been a whirlwind of a year. I don’t know where the time has gone! It’s been intense, but in the best way possible. I’ve been able to get a feel for everything that being a part of Team Dyalog involves in a very short amount of time, from my first user meeting (Dyalog ’23) to my first product release (Dyalog v19.0). It’s been a steep, but fun learning curve.”

Jada joined us when it became apparent that the administrative needs of the company were growing. She was tasked with taking on some of the jobs that were being done by the Karen and Stine (then the Financial Officer). However, Jada was familiar with Team Dyalog even before she joined, as she had previously attended Dyalog ’19, Dyalog ’22, and various Dyalog internal events as a guest of her partner, Rich Park. Through Rich, Jada was introduced to Dyalog and the world of array programming. “I’ll be honest, a lot of the technical stuff does not yet make sense to me. But that just means there’s so much still to learn, which keeps my work life very interesting. Seeing others try to understand APL code reminds me of Derrida’s views on language, intention, and the need for deconstruction.”

Jada’s daily routine has begun to take shape. “Initially, I had so much to learn, it was rather daunting. From our products/services, our customers, my colleagues, the history of the company, to my actual job…I could go on! But all that initial familiarisation work was worth it, and I had plenty of support along the way.”

So, what does Jada actually do? “Well, think of all the things you need to do to run a business. That’s what I do. I help wherever I can. I deal with office maintenance, renewals for licences, billing, sales of physical products (books, APL keyboards), contract reviews, and all things compliance. I’m also an Apprentice Cat Herder – luckily, I’m learning from the best! Karen has really been my rock this year. She’s one of the most thorough and competent professionals I’ve ever met. I’m hoping to continue to learn a lot from her and Stine.”

Jada also enjoys her life outside work. “I like to read (fiction and Japanese manga), love going for long walks and the occasional run in the woods, and canoeing the Thames with Rich. I always enjoy a good night out as well – gigs, bars, and dancefloors call my name! My latest hobby has been learning to play bass guitar. I’ve got no immediate plans to sell out Wembley, but it’s fulfilling to set my sights on a piece, learn it bar by bar, and gradually improve and gain muscle memory. It can be frustrating at times, but practising is so much fun. My rhythm has improved a lot too.”

Overall, Jada has really enjoyed her first year with us. “I’m so grateful to be here. You see a lot of corporate speak about ‘family’ to distract from poor business practices, but not at Dyalog Ltd. Although this is a company, the heart and soul are the people behind it and the community around us. We’re real, we care, we listen. There’s no apathy or shilling. The passion for Dyalog is infectious. My colleagues’ hard work, meticulousness, and honesty motivate me to apply those qualities to my own work. When I work hard and produce quality work, it’s recognised and that makes me feel valued. I couldn’t ask for a better job with better people.”

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